FILE FORMAT GUIDE

XML Paper Specification Document (.XPS): Structure & Inspection

An XPS file is a fixed-layout paginated document package built from XML and other resources under Open Packaging Conventions.

Check supported header evidence locally. Identification is not file validation or a malware scan.

Analyze a file locally

Quick facts

Extension
.xps
Format
XML Paper Specification Document
Category
document
MIME type
Not reviewed
Standard / developer
Microsoft / Ecma International
Open with
Python zipfile

What is XPS?

XPS packaging uses ZIP, XML and Unicode conventions to organize fixed document parts. A generic ZIP header alone cannot establish that a package satisfies XPS relationships and content rules.

  • Exchange fixed-layout paginated documents

How to open XPS

This workflow inspects structure or metadata without rendering embedded content. It does not establish safety, authenticity, rights or visual fidelity.

Python zipfileCommand-line tool or library

Open the file with zipfile.ZipFile("document.xps", "r") and call infolist() to inspect package member names and sizes. Do not extract untrusted members; ZipFile.Path does not sanitize filenames.

Technical details

Signature
Not reviewed
Encoding
Not applicable
Container
Open Packaging Conventions ZIP package
Compression
ZIP entry compression

ECMA-388 OpenXPS

Things to check

  • A ZIP reader can list package members but does not render or validate XPS page semantics.

Related formats

  • Portable Document Format

    Both represent paginated documents, but PDF and XPS use different document structures and specifications.

  • EPUB Publication

    EPUB targets publication and reading-system workflows, while XPS is a fixed-layout document package.

Sources & review

Fact review: 2026-09-19. Unknown fields are not inferred from the file extension.